Arenal Volcano One-Day Adventure Tour Planner: Complete 2026 Guide
TL;DR
One day at Arenal covers 2-3 major activities maximum, typically La Fortuna Waterfall ($18, 2-3 hours) plus hot springs ($30-99, 2-4 hours) or guided wildlife tour ($70-85, 3-4 hours) plus hanging bridges ($12-26, 2-3 hours). Arrive by 8-9am and depart after 8pm to maximize 12 hours of activity time. Budget $150-250 per person including activities, meals, and local transport. One-day visits work for travelers passing through between destinations or doing San José day trips, but miss the relaxed pacing that makes Arenal special. Best one-day option is morning waterfall swim (8-11am) then afternoon/evening hot springs (4-9pm) experiencing Arenal’s two most iconic features. Skip wildlife tours if limited to one day since rushed timelines prevent proper animal observation. Alternative is adventure-focused day doing zip-lining ($65-90) and hanging bridges ($12-26) for adrenaline over nature. Book activities 1-2 weeks ahead especially during high season December-April. One day is genuinely insufficient for proper Arenal experiences, with 2-3 days being strongly recommended.
Is One Day Enough Time at Arenal Volcano?
One day provides just enough time to sample Arenal’s highlights without genuinely experiencing what makes this destination special – the relaxed immersion in rainforest, volcano landscapes, and diverse activities.
The realistic one-day timeline runs 8am arrival through 8-9pm departure totaling 12-13 hours, during which you can complete 2-3 activities maximum including meals and transitions between locations.
One day works only for specific circumstances: travelers on tight schedules passing between San José and beaches, cruise passengers on shore excursions, or business travelers with one free day wanting Arenal exposure.
Get complete three-day scheduling including activities, meals, and rest time in our best 3 day Arenal Volcano itinerary guide.
Table: One Day vs Multi-Day Arenal Reality Check
| Factor | One Day Visit | 2-3 Day Visit | 4+ Day Visit | Reality for One Day |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activities Possible | 2-3 maximum | 5-7 comfortably | 8-12+ | Very limited selection |
| Pacing | Rushed, constant moving | Comfortable with breaks | Relaxed, flexible | Exhausting |
| Activity Quality | Surface level | Good depth | Comprehensive | Miss nuances |
| Weather Buffer | None – pray for good weather | Can adjust if needed | Multiple attempts | High risk of issues |
| Volcano Viewing | 1 chance morning | Multiple mornings | Many opportunities | Easy to miss if cloudy |
| Wildlife Sightings | Limited if doing quick tour | Good with proper tours | Excellent across multiple | Rushed animal observation |
| Value for Money | Fair – activities expensive for hours | Very good | Excellent | Moderate value |
| Stress Level | High – constant clock watching | Low-Medium | Very Low | Constant time pressure |
| Memorable Experience | Fragmented impressions | Cohesive experience | Deep immersion | Limited impact |
| Recommended? | Only if no alternative | Yes – ideal | Yes – luxury | Strongly discouraged |
The biggest one-day challenge is transitioning between activities eating 45-90 minutes per transition (travel, entry, orientation) meaning you spend 2-3 hours just moving around versus experiencing Arenal.
Weather becomes critical for one-day visits since clouds obscuring the volcano or afternoon rain ruining outdoor plans consumes 50-100% of your limited time without backup days.
The brutal truth is one day feels like checking Arenal off a list rather than experiencing it, with travelers consistently reporting they wished they’d stayed longer after realizing how much they missed.
Most tour operators discourage one-day visits recommending minimum 2 nights/3 days to properly enjoy Arenal without feeling rushed and stressed throughout.
I’ve guided hundreds of one-day visitors who arrive excited and leave disappointed, not because activities weren’t good but because the rushed pace prevented savoring the rainforest atmosphere and volcanic landscape.
For help determining optimal trip length, see our guide How Many Days Do You Need in Arenal Volcano Area.
What Are the Best One-Day Itinerary Options?
The “waterfall and hot springs” classic combines La Fortuna Waterfall‘s iconic swim (morning 8-11am) with evening hot springs relaxation (5-9pm), experiencing Arenal’s two most recognizable features in logical sequence.
The “adventure maximizer” packs zip-lining (8am-11am) plus hanging bridges (2-5pm) delivering adrenaline and forest canopy perspectives for active travelers prioritizing physical experiences over relaxation.
The “wildlife focused” option dedicates the day to guided nature tour (6:30am-11am) plus national park lava hike (2-5pm), maximizing animal sightings and volcanic geology for nature enthusiasts.
Table: One-Day Itinerary Options Detailed Comparison
| Itinerary Style | Morning Activity | Afternoon Activity | Evening Activity | Total Cost | Best For | What You Miss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Classic (Waterfall + Hot Springs) | La Fortuna Waterfall 8-11am | Lunch, rest | Hot springs 5-9pm | $100-150 | Most one-day visitors | Wildlife, adventure sports |
| Adventure Maximizer | Zip-lining 8-11am | Hanging bridges 2-5pm | Quick dinner, depart | $90-130 | Thrill seekers | Hot springs, wildlife |
| Wildlife Focused | Guided wildlife tour 6:30-11am | Lava hike national park 2-5pm | Depart | $90-115 | Nature lovers | Hot springs, waterfall swim |
| Relaxation Priority | Hanging bridges 9am-12pm | Lunch, hotel pool 1-4pm | Hot springs 5-8pm | $80-140 | Stress relief | Wildlife tours, adventure |
| Photography Special | Sunrise volcano 6-7am, waterfall 8-11am | Lava trail 2-5pm | Evening volcano shots | $50-80 | Photographers | Hot springs, guided tours |
| Cultural Focus | Coffee farm tour 8-11:30am | Lunch, town exploration | Hot springs 5-8pm | $90-150 | Cultural interest | Hiking, adventure sports |
The classic waterfall + hot springs itinerary delivers the most iconic Arenal experiences that people specifically come to see, making it the default recommendation for first-time one-day visitors.
Adventure maximizers sacrifice the quintessential hot springs experience but pack maximum adrenaline and physical activity into limited time for travelers who’ve done hot springs elsewhere.
Wildlife-focused days require extreme early wake-ups (5:30am) for the 6:30am tour departure, pushing feasibility for travelers arriving from San José who’d need to leave at 2-3am.
The photography itinerary works only for dedicated photographers willing to skip paid activities in favor of optimal lighting at free viewpoints and trails, requiring rental car for mobility.
Most single-day visitors should default to the classic waterfall + hot springs combination covering Arenal’s two most distinctive features that justify the destination’s fame.
Attempting to fit more than 2 major activities creates exhaustion and rushed experiences diminishing enjoyment, with the transitions consuming so much time you’re never present in the moment.
How Should You Structure a One-Day Waterfall + Hot Springs Itinerary?
Arrive La Fortuna by 8-9am via early departure from San José (4-5am start) or previous night accommodation in nearby towns allowing direct morning access to activities.
Hit La Fortuna Waterfall immediately 8:30am-11:30am before midday tour groups and heat, spending 2.5-3 hours descending 500 steps, swimming, photographing, and climbing back up.
Lunch 12pm-1:30pm at La Fortuna restaurant recovering from the waterfall workout and planning the afternoon/evening schedule before next activity.
Table: Classic One-Day Schedule Hour-by-Hour
| Time | Activity | Location | Duration | Cost | Energy Level | Critical Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4:30-5:00am | Depart San José | Hotel/meeting point | – | $50-60 shuttle | Low | Very early start |
| 8:00-8:30am | Arrive La Fortuna | La Fortuna town | 3-4 hrs drive | Included | Low | Brief orientation |
| 8:30-11:30am | La Fortuna Waterfall | 3 miles from town | 2.5-3 hrs | $18 | High | 500 steps down/up |
| 11:30am-12:00pm | Return to town | Taxi/transport back | 15 min | $8-10 | Medium | Shower at cafe? |
| 12:00-1:30pm | Lunch substantial | Restaurant | 1-1.5 hrs | $12-20 | Recovery | Need energy |
| 1:30-4:30pm | Free time / rest | Town or budget hotel | 3 hrs | $0-30 day use | Low | Nap if possible |
| 4:30-5:00pm | Transport to hot springs | Taxi | 15-30 min | $10-20 | Low | Various venues |
| 5:00-8:30pm | Hot springs & dinner | Hot spring venue | 3-4 hrs | $30-99 | Relaxation | Peak experience |
| 8:30-9:00pm | Return to town | Taxi | 15-30 min | $10-20 | Low | Wind down |
| 9:00pm | Depart La Fortuna | Bus/shuttle station | – | $50-60 | Low | Night travel back |
| 12:30-1:00am | Arrive San José | Hotel | 3-4 hrs | Included | Exhausted | Very late arrival |
The midday break 1:30-4:30pm prevents exhaustion allowing rest before evening hot springs, with some hotels offering day-use rates ($20-30) for showering and napping.
Evening hot springs timing 5-9pm capitalizes on cooler temperatures for comfortable soaking and avoids midday heat when entering 100°F+ water feels oppressive in 85°F weather.
The brutal schedule requires 4:30am San José departure and results in 1am return, totaling 20+ hours awake making this truly exhausting despite only 2 activities.
Budget Ecotermales ($44) or Baldi afternoon pass ($30-35) provide excellent hot springs experiences saving money versus luxury Tabacón ($99+) when you have limited soak time anyway.
Some travelers skip the midday break squeezing in hanging bridges or town exploration, but this typically results in exhaustion during evening hot springs when you should be relaxing.
The waterfall must happen morning not afternoon since the climb back up 500 steps becomes brutal in midday heat, and afternoon tour groups crowd the swimming area.
Transportation logistics matter enormously with taxis needed between activities adding $40-60 daily or rental cars providing flexibility at $40-70 but requiring driving responsibility.
This classic itinerary delivers the most satisfying one-day Arenal experience possible, hitting two iconic activities without insane rushing though it still feels compressed.
Book one-day waterfall and hot springs packages with Arenal Volcano Costa Rica Tours where we optimize logistics for maximum experience in minimum time.
What Should You Skip on a One-Day Arenal Visit?
Skip wildlife tours entirely for one-day visits since proper animal observation requires slow patient 3-4 hour walks that feel rushed and incomplete when clock-watching for next activities.
Avoid day trips to Rio Celeste, Caño Negro, or Venado Caves consuming 8-10 hours each, which makes no sense when you’re already limited to 12 hours total in the Arenal area.
Eliminate night tours since they require staying until 9:30-10pm then still facing 3-4 hour drives back to San José, creating unsafe exhausted late-night travel situations.
Table: Skip vs Worth It – One-Day Activity Assessment
| Activity | Duration | Worth It One Day? | Why Skip or Do | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| La Fortuna Waterfall | 2-3 hrs | YES | Iconic, efficient, rewarding | None better |
| Hot Springs | 2-4 hrs | YES | Quintessential Arenal | None better |
| Guided Wildlife Tour | 3-4 hrs | SKIP | Rushing defeats wildlife observation | Self-guided viewpoints |
| Hanging Bridges | 2-3 hrs | MAYBE | Good if skipping waterfall | Choose waterfall instead |
| Zip-Lining | 2-3 hrs | MAYBE | Works if skipping hot springs | Only for thrill-seekers |
| National Park Hike | 2-3 hrs | SKIP | Similar to waterfall, redundant | Do waterfall instead |
| White Water Rafting | 4-5 hrs | NO | Too time-consuming | Save for multi-day |
| Night Wildlife Tour | 2-3 hrs | NO | Forces very late departure | Impossible logistics |
| Canyoning | 6-8 hrs | NO | Consumes entire day | Needs 2-3 day visit |
| Day Trips (Rio Celeste) | 8-10 hrs | NO | Defeats purpose of one day | Stay local Arenal |
| Cultural Tours (coffee) | 3-4 hrs | MAYBE | Good alternative to adventure | Works as main activity |
Wildlife tours suffer most from time constraints since spotting animals requires patience, waiting, and slow observation that stressed one-day visitors can’t provide.
Hanging bridges make sense only if substituting for the waterfall as your main daytime activity, not as an addition to already-full schedules.
Multiple activities of the same type (waterfall + national park hike + hanging bridges) create redundant rainforest walking when limited time should prioritize variety.
Adventure activities like zip-lining or rafting work as waterfall substitutes for travelers who prioritize adrenaline over swimming in cascades, but don’t add both.
The three-activity trap tempts visitors thinking “I can do waterfall + bridges + hot springs” when the reality is transitions and exhaustion make this miserable.
Night Arena volcano tours create logistical nightmares departing 6:30pm, returning 9:30pm, then still facing 3-4 hour drives meaning you arrive home at 1-2am dangerously exhausted.
Cultural tours like coffee farms work well as the main 8am-12pm activity followed by afternoon hot springs, creating a balanced relaxed one-day experience for non-adventurous visitors.
The key is accepting that one day means choosing 2 activities max, with those two being waterfall + hot springs for 90% of visitors unless you have very specific alternative priorities.
How Much Does a One-Day Arenal Visit Cost?
Budget one-day visits run $150-200 per person including transportation ($50-60 shuttle), activities ($50-70 waterfall + cheap hot springs), meals ($25-35), and local taxis ($25-35).
Mid-range one-day experiences cost $200-300 per person with private transportation ($250-350 divided by group), guided activities ($70-85 if doing wildlife), premium hot springs ($60-99), and nicer meals ($35-50).
The one-day cost efficiency is poor compared to multi-day visits since you’re paying full transportation costs ($100-120 roundtrip) for minimal activity time versus spreading those fixed costs over 2-3 days.
Table: Complete One-Day Cost Breakdown by Itinerary Type
| Expense Category | Waterfall + Hot Springs | Adventure (Zip + Bridges) | Wildlife Focus | Cultural Relaxation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transport SJ-Arenal Roundtrip | $100-120 | $100-120 | $100-120 | $100-120 |
| Main Morning Activity | Waterfall $18 | Zip-lining $65-90 | Wildlife tour $70-85 | Coffee tour $40-55 |
| Secondary Activity | Hot springs $30-99 | Hanging bridges $12-26 | Park hike $15 | Hot springs $30-99 |
| Meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) | $25-40 | $25-40 | $25-40 | $30-50 |
| Local Taxis | $25-40 | $20-30 | $15-25 | $25-40 |
| Total Per Person | $198-317 | $222-306 | $225-305 | $225-364 |
Transportation costs remain fixed whether you do 2 activities or 3, making one-day visits less cost-efficient at $200-300 total versus $350-450 for three full days.
The per-activity cost is high since you’re paying $100-120 transport overhead for just 2 activities ($50-60 per activity) versus spreading that cost over 6-7 activities on multi-day trips.
Group pricing improves dramatically with private transportation at $250-350 total divided among 4-8 people ($30-90 each) versus $100-120 per person on shared shuttles.
Budget travelers can reduce costs to $180-220 using public buses ($20-30 roundtrip), walking where possible, cheap hot springs ($30-44), and soda meals ($6-10 each).
Luxury one-day experiences run $400-600 with private transfers ($250-350 for groups), private wildlife tours ($250-350), premium hot springs ($99+), and fine dining throughout.
The math reveals one-day Arenal costs 60-80% as much as a full 3-day trip while delivering 25-30% of the experiences, making the value proposition poor for most travelers.
Visitors on multi-destination Costa Rica itineraries might accept the poor value since they’re maximizing variety, while dedicated Arenal visitors should always extend to 2-3 days minimum.
What Time Should You Arrive and Depart for One-Day Visits?
Arrive La Fortuna by 8-9am to maximize 12 hours of activity time before evening departures, requiring 4-5am San José starts or previous night accommodation in intermediate towns.
Depart La Fortuna 8-9pm after evening hot springs completing the classic itinerary, accepting the 12:30-1am San José arrival that comes with maximizing Arenal time.
Earlier arrivals (7am) allow adding morning volcano viewpoints before waterfall, while later departures (10pm) enable longer hot springs soaks at the expense of very late-night travel.
Table: Arrival/Departure Timing Impact on Experience
| Arrival Time | Departure Time | Usable Hours | Activities Possible | Transportation Challenge | Overall Viability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6:00-7:00am | 9:00-10:00pm | 14-16 hrs | 3 activities possible | Very early SJ start (3-4am) | Good but exhausting |
| 8:00-9:00am | 8:00-9:00pm | 11-13 hrs | 2-3 activities standard | Early SJ start (4-5am) | Standard recommended |
| 10:00-11:00am | 7:00-8:00pm | 8-10 hrs | 2 activities rushed | Reasonable SJ start (6-7am) | Too rushed |
| 12:00pm+ | 6:00pm | 6 hrs or less | 1 activity only | Easy SJ start (8-9am) | Not worth it |
The 8am arrival / 8pm departure window provides the best balance between usable Arenal time and reasonable travel schedules, though it still requires very early San José departures.
Day-use hotel rooms ($20-30) in La Fortuna allow showering and resting between waterfall and hot springs, improving comfort versus just using restaurant bathrooms.
Some travelers stay overnight in Alajuela near San José airport the night before, reducing morning drive from 3-4 hours to 2.5-3 hours and allowing slightly later 5-6am departures.
Afternoon-only Arenal visits arriving 1-2pm for hot springs and dinner before departing work for travelers just wanting thermal bath experiences without full touring.
Overnight stays preceding or following the one-day visit make the most sense, doing activities during the day then catching evening buses rather than same-day roundtrips.
The absolutely worst approach is arriving 11am-12pm and trying to cram activities before 6pm departure, creating rushed disaster experiences that disappoint everyone.
Travelers coming from Monteverde cloud forest tours or beach towns can access Arenal more flexibly than San José visitors since they’re already closer, making one-day stops more feasible as part of multi-destination routing.
What Are the Logistics for One-Day Visits?
Transportation must be pre-arranged with shared shuttles ($50-60 each way) requiring advance booking or private transfers ($250-350 roundtrip) for groups offering timing flexibility.
Activities should be confirmed 1-2 weeks ahead especially during high season when La Fortuna Waterfall entrance, hot springs venues, and adventure activities can reach capacity.
Luggage storage requires coordination since most activities don’t accommodate large bags, with day-use hotels ($20-30) or tour operator offices sometimes offering secure storage.
Table: One-Day Logistics Checklist
| Logistics Item | When to Arrange | Cost | Critical Importance | Backup Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transportation Roundtrip | 2-3 weeks ahead | $100-350 | Essential | Last-minute unlikely |
| Activity Reservations | 1-2 weeks ahead | Varies | Important for high season | Walk-up risky |
| Luggage Storage | Day-of arrangement | $0-30 | Important | Carry minimum |
| Day-Use Hotel Room | Morning arrival | $20-40 | Helpful not critical | Restaurant bathrooms |
| Meal Locations Pre-Scouted | Research ahead | Varies | Time-saver | Wander and find |
| Weather Forecast Checked | 2-3 days before | Free | Critical for planning | Flexibility required |
| Taxi Numbers Saved | Before arrival | Per use | Very helpful | Hail on street |
| Emergency Contact Info | Before travel | Free | Safety essential | Hope unnecessary |
Most one-day visitors dramatically underestimate the luggage problem, arriving with full backpacks having no secure place to store them during waterfall or hot springs activities.
Some hotels allow day guests to use facilities including showers and storage for $20-30, providing enormous value for one-day visitors needing these between-activity services.
The waterfall facility has lockers but not large enough for full backpacks, while hot springs venues have lockers but you shouldn’t leave valuables unattended ever.
Tour operators sometimes provide luggage storage for their activity participants, making guided tours more convenient than self-guided activities for one-day visitors with bags.
Meal timing must be strategic with substantial lunch after waterfall providing energy for evening, versus skipping lunch and feeling exhausted during hot springs.
Weather flexibility is impossible for one-day visits since you can’t reschedule if rain obscures volcano views or heavy downpours cancel outdoor activities, making dry season visits far more reliable.
The coordination stress of one-day visits – booking transport, arranging storage, confirming activities, planning meals, watching the clock – detracts significantly from enjoying Arenal itself.
Most successful one-day visits involve working with tour companies handling logistics versus trying to arrange everything independently, justifying slightly higher costs for massive convenience.
FAQs
Can you see Arenal Volcano in one day?
Yes, one day allows 2-3 activities maximum, typically La Fortuna Waterfall plus hot springs or adventure activity plus hanging bridges, but feels rushed and misses Arenal’s relaxed atmosphere.
What’s the best one-day Arenal itinerary?
Morning La Fortuna Waterfall (8-11am), lunch, afternoon rest, evening hot springs (5-9pm) covers the two most iconic Arenal experiences efficiently within one-day timeframes.
Is Arenal worth visiting for just one day?
Only if you absolutely cannot stay overnight due to cruise timing, business travel, or extreme schedule constraints, with 2-3 days being strongly recommended for proper experiences.
Can you do a day trip to Arenal from San José?
Technically yes but requires 4-5am departure, 8+ hours driving, and 1am return creating exhausting 20+ hour days that sacrifice sleep and experience quality.
How much does a one-day Arenal visit cost?
Budget $200-300 per person including roundtrip transport ($100-120), activities ($50-100), meals ($25-40), and local taxis ($25-40) for waterfall plus hot springs.
What should you skip if only spending one day in Arenal?
Skip wildlife tours (need patient time), day trips (8-10 hours), night tours (logistics impossible), and rafting/canyoning (too time-consuming) focusing on waterfall and hot springs.
How to Plan Your One-Day Arenal Visit
Accept the reality that one day provides limited rushed experiences versus multi-day visits, managing expectations appropriately before arrival.
Choose between classic waterfall + hot springs or adventure-focused zip-lining + hanging bridges based on whether you prioritize iconic features or adrenaline.
Book transportation 2-3 weeks ahead securing shared shuttles ($100-120 roundtrip) or organizing private transfers for groups wanting timing flexibility.
Reserve hot springs venue ahead if visiting high season December-April when popular options like Ecotermales reach capacity, though walk-in availability usually exists.
Plan for 8am La Fortuna arrival through 8-9pm departure maximizing 12 hours of activity time while accepting the very early starts and late returns.
Arrange luggage storage either through day-use hotel rooms ($20-30) or confirming with accommodation/tour operators before activities begin.
Pack minimally carrying just daypack with essentials (swimsuit, towel, change of clothes, water, snacks) leaving large bags secured somewhere safe.
Build in midday rest 1-4pm between activities preventing exhaustion and allowing showering before evening hot springs when you’ll want to be fresh.
For expertly planned one-day Arenal experiences maximizing limited time, book Arenal Volcano Costa Rica Tours where we optimize logistics professionally.
Glossary
- One-Day Visit: Compressed Arenal experience covering 2-3 activities in 12 hours maximum, suitable only for travelers unable to overnight.
- Classic Itinerary: Standard one-day route combining La Fortuna Waterfall morning with evening hot springs experiencing two iconic features.
- Day Trip: Same-day roundtrip from San José requiring 4-5am departure and midnight return, extremely exhausting schedule not recommended.
- Day-Use Room: Hotel room rented for daytime hours only ($20-40) providing shower and storage between activities.
- Activity Transitions: Time spent traveling between attractions, changing clothes, entering facilities, typically consuming 45-90 minutes per transition.
Key Takeaways
One day at Arenal covers maximum 2-3 activities with classic itinerary being La Fortuna Waterfall morning ($18, 2-3 hours) plus evening hot springs ($30-99, 2-4 hours). Arrive 8-9am and depart 8-9pm maximizing 12 hours activity time. Budget $200-300 per person including transport ($100-120 roundtrip), activities ($50-100), meals ($25-40), local taxis ($25-40). One-day visits work only for specific circumstances: passing between destinations, cruise passengers, business travelers with one free day. San José day trips require 4-5am departure with 1am return creating exhausting 20+ hour days not recommended. Skip wildlife tours (need patient time), day trips (too long), night tours (logistics impossible), rafting/canyoning (time-consuming). Alternative adventure itinerary does zip-lining plus hanging bridges for thrill-seekers. Weather buffer is zero – pray for good conditions. Most visitors report wishing they’d stayed longer after experiencing rushed pace. Strong recommendation is minimum 2-3 nights for proper Arenal experience. One day costs 60-80% as much as 3-day trip while delivering only 25-30% of experiences making value proposition poor. Book 1-2 weeks ahead especially high season. Luggage storage requires coordination through day-use hotels or tour operators. Families should never attempt one-day visits due to exhausting schedules. Multi-day visitors spread fixed transportation costs over more activities improving value dramatically. One day feels like checking boxes versus experiencing Arenal properly. Plan one-day Arenal at https://arenalvolcanocostaricatours.com/.
Written by Carlos Mendez, Arenal Volcano tour guide for the past 12 years, specializing in itinerary optimization and visitor experience planning. Date: December 29, 2025.